3.4+Internet

Vocabulary

 * Fundamentals**

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 * WWW (World Wide Web)
 * Computer network consisting of a collection of internet sites that offer text and graphics and sound and animation resources through the hypertext transfer protocol.
 * URL (uniform resource locator)
 * The address of a Web site.
 * IP address
 * Unique string of four numbers separated by periods that serves as a unique address for a computer on the Internet. The IP address of the host computer and sending computer is included with every packet of information that traverses the Internet.
 * Modem
 * Modulator/demodulator. A hardware device that connects a computer to a telephone line.
 * Internet browser
 * A software application for retrieving, presenting, and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web.
 * Internet Service Provider (ISP)
 * A business that provides its customers with connections to the Internet along with other services.
 * Bandwidth
 * The quantity of information that can be transmitted through a communication medium in a given amount of time.
 * Download
 * To copy software from an online source to a local computer.
 * Upload
 * To post software or documents to an online source so they're available for others.
 * Streaming audio
 * Sound files that play without being completely downloaded to the local hard disk.
 * Streaming video
 * Video clip files that play while being downloaded.
 * Compression
 * Making files smaller using special encoding schemes. Saves storage space on disks and saves transmission time when files are transferred through networks.
 * Decompression
 * The process of expanding computer data to its normal size so that it can be read by a computer.
 * Cache
 * Used to speed up certain computer operations by temporarily placing data, or a copy of it, in a location where it can be accessed more rapidly than normal.
 * Domain names, domain name system (DNS)
 * A system that translates a computer's numerical IP address into an easier-to-remember string of names separated by dots.


 * Internet protocols**

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 * HTTP (hypertext transfer protocol)*
 * The Internet protocol used to transfer Web pages.
 * FTP (file transfer protocol)*
 * A communication protocol that enables users to download files from remote servers to their computers and to upload files they want to share from their computers to these archives.
 * TCP/IP (transmission control protocol/internet protocol)
 * Protocols developed as an experiment in internetworking, now the language of the Internet, allowing cross-network communication for almost every type of computer and network.


 * Features of a website**

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 * Hyperlinks
 * A word, phrase, or picture that acts as a button, enabling the user to explore the Web or a multimedia document with mouse clicks.
 * Navigation
 * Facilitates movement from one Web page to another Web page.
 * Metatags
 * A special HTML tag that provides information about a Web page. It does not affect how the page is displayed. Instead, they provide information such as who created the page, how often it is updated, what the page is about, and which keywords represent the page's content. Many search engines use this information when building their indices.
 * Tags
 * A keyword or term assigned to a piece of information (such as an Internet bookmark, digital image, or computer file). It helps describe an item and allows it to be found again by browsing or searching.
 * Forms
 * A web page allows a user to enter data that is sent to a server for processing.


 * Features of a web browser**

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 * Bookmarks
 * Personal lists kept on a browser of favorite or memorable Web sites that are often revisited. Also called favorites.
 * Visited links*
 * Links that are indicated with different color than the unvisited links to aid navigation, prevent users from looking at the same links over and over again.
 * Tabs
 * Allow multiple documents to be contained within a single window, a navigational widget for switching between sets of documents.
 * Plug-ins*
 * A software extension that adds new features.


 * Web-based languages**

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 * Hypertext markup language (HTML)
 * An HTML document is a text file that includes codes that describe the format, layout, and logical structure of a hypermedia document. Most Web pages are created with HTML.
 * JavaScript*
 * An interpreted scripting language, similar to but otherwise unrelated to Java, that enables Web page designers to add scripts to HTML code.
 * Active server page extended (ASPX)*
 * Personal home page (PHP)
 * World Wide Web pages created by an individual to contain content of a personal blog posts or other information rather than on behalf of an employer or institution.
 * World Wide Web pages created by an individual to contain content of a personal blog posts or other information rather than on behalf of an employer or institution.


 * Site management**

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 * Web hosting
 * A type of Internet hosting service that allows individuals and organizations to make their own website accessible via the World Wide Web.
 * Uploading*
 * Sending of data from a local system to a remote system such as a server or another client.


 * Other site use**

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 * Bounce rate
 * An Internet marketing term used in web traffic analysis. It represents the percentage of visitors who enter the site and "bounce" (leave the site) rather than continue viewing other pages within the same site.
 * Click-through rate (CTR)*
 * A way of measuring the success of an online advertising campaign. Percentage of a website's users (or visitors) who click on an advertisement to go to the advertiser's site.
 * Avatar
 * Graphical bodies used to represent a person in a virtual meeting place; can range from a simple cartoon sketch to an elaborate 3-D figure or an exotic abstract icon.
 * Profile
 * A collection of personal data associated to a specific user, used to store the description of the characteristics and preferences of person.